Serious Risk Disclosure
Mountain Biking
The serious risks you may be exposed to in this activity, and what AdventureWorks does to manage them.
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AdventureWorks Ltd is a registered Adventure Activity Provider under the Health and Safety at Work (Adventure Activities) Regulations. We are legally required to disclose any serious risks that participants may face when taking part in our activities.
This information is provided prior to booking and before the activity begins so that you can make an informed decision about participation.
What Is a "Serious Risk"?
A serious risk is one that could cause:
- Serious injury (e.g. fracture, spinal injury, concussion)
- Hospitalisation
- Permanent disability
- Death
These may occur even when all practicable safety measures are in place, due to the inherent nature of the activity.
Serious Risks in Mountain Biking
| Serious Risk | Description / How We Manage This Risk |
|---|---|
| Losing Control of the Bike and Falling | A fall at speed or on technical terrain can cause concussion, broken bones or spinal injury. The trail grade and style are selected to match the ability and experience of the group, and the group is dropped to an easier trail as soon as handling starts to deteriorate. The bike is sized to the rider with seat height set within the maximum mark on the seat post, and the pre-ride exercise — stop, start, turn left and right, emergency braking — is run before leaving the trailhead. Helmets are worn at all times. |
| Rider Ability Below the Grade of the Trail | A trail beyond a rider's ability produces crashes rather than learning. The grade, distance, climb and style of the trail are matched to the age, fitness and experience of the group, and route details are given to participants beforehand so they can assess their own ability. Ability is confirmed by the pre-ride exercise rather than by what was declared beforehand, and the easier alternative or the bail-out option is taken where the group is slower or less capable than planned. |
| Collision With Another Rider in the Group | Riders following too closely collide when one stops suddenly. A gap of two to three bike lengths between riders is set and enforced, a front leader and a tail-end Charlie are set with nobody riding ahead of one or behind the other, riders are briefed to call out before stopping in a hurry, and the pace is matched to the group rather than to the fastest rider. |
| Collision With Another Trail User | Walkers, runners, other riders and dogs share the trails, and a collision at speed injures both parties. Shared and two-way trails, and known busy periods, are recorded in the Location Management Plan. The group rides the trails in the marked direction and keeps left on two-way trails, is held back or broken up at pinch points where other users are present, and is briefed on the other users likely to be met on the route. |
| Collision With a Vehicle | Some trails cross or run beside public or service roads, and a collision with a vehicle could be fatal. A route that can avoid the road is planned where an alternative is available. Every road crossing and road section, and the traffic on it, is recorded in the Location Management Plan. The group dismounts and walks across the road where traffic volume warrants it, and on any road section the instructor rides at the front, delegates the tail-end Charlie, and keeps the group single file. |
| Trail Features and Man-made Structures | Drops, jumps, ramps, bridges and gates concentrate the risk of a serious fall. Locations and routes are planned to suit the skill level of the participants. Trails with man-made features, and which features have no ride-around, are identified in the Location Management Plan, and trails whose features are mandatory with no ride-around are not used. Instructors position themselves where the run-in and the landing are both visible, and block the trail if a rider falls. |
| A Bike That Does Not Fit or Is Set Up Incorrectly | A bike too big, or with brakes out of reach, takes control away from the rider. Bikes are held in a range of sizes so every rider can be matched, and where no bike of the right size is available the rider is sized down rather than up. Seat height is set with the rider on the bike and never past the maximum mark on the seat post, and two working brakes are confirmed, on the side the rider is used to and within reach of the index finger. |
| Mechanical Failure of the Bike | Sudden failure of the brakes, handlebars or another critical part causes a crash. All AdventureWorks bikes are labelled with a number so repairs are tagged and traced to the bike, annual services are carried out, and faults are reported on the Equipment Issue Form. An M check is completed on every bike before it is ridden — brakes, pads, wheels, tyres, headset, handlebars, grips and plugs, pedals, saddle and lubrication — and any bike whose fault cannot be corrected is withdrawn before it is ridden again. |
| A Rider Out of Sight | During laps under indirect supervision a rider can be down and not found for some time. A lap trail well within the group's demonstrated ability is used, short enough to keep the time out of vision brief. The instructor positions where the most demanding part of the lap is visible and a rider can be stopped, sets the maximum time a rider should be out of sight and goes looking as soon as it passes, and briefs the lap — the route, where to stop, what to do in a fall, and what to do on finding another rider down. |
| Trail Surface and Condition | Mud, roots, loose gravel, standing water, ice and pine litter change the effective grade of a trail. The trails best avoided in wet conditions, and their weather triggers, are recorded in the Location Management Plan, and trails whose weather triggers have been reached are not ridden. Instructors change to a trail that holds up in the conditions or end the ride, and monitor rainfall, wind and surface continuously, reassessing the effective grade. |
| Separation or a Lost Rider | A rider who leaves the marked trail network or becomes separated can be a long way from the group before anyone notices. Instructors pre-ride the routes, or are inducted onto the network, before leading a group there. The group is kept between the front leader and the tail-end Charlie on the marked trail network, regroups and counts at every junction, trailhead and trail end before continuing, and is shown the trail map or track board at the briefing. |
| Environmental Exposure | Riders may be exposed to cold, wind, sun or rain for extended periods, leading to hypothermia, heatstroke or dehydration. Forecasts are checked, riders are told what clothing and water to bring, rest breaks are built into the session, and instructors monitor riders' condition and shorten or adjust the ride as required. |
| Natural Hazards | Participants may be affected by storms, high winds, lightning, flooding, tree falls, rockfall, landslides, tsunami or volcanic activity. These hazards can cause serious injury or death. Instructors check the Location Management Plan and the hazard registers before the activity, monitor conditions continuously, and apply pre-set trigger points. AdventureWorks will cancel, postpone, relocate or adapt an activity when a trigger point is reached rather than after. Emergency response plans include natural hazard evacuation. |
| Remote Medical Emergencies | A medical event such as an asthma attack, allergic reaction or cardiac incident in a remote location may delay emergency support. Instructors hold a current first aid certificate, carry an AdventureWorks first aid kit and a communication device — a PLB or satellite communicator where cellphone coverage is not assured — and know the access points and emergency routes recorded in the Location Management Plan. |
| Undeclared Medical Conditions, Allergies or Medication | An undisclosed condition, allergy or medication can turn a manageable situation into a serious one. AdventureWorks collects health information before every programme, instructors avoid known triggers where anaphylaxis is declared and know where personal medication is kept, and an adapted or alternative activity is offered where a condition makes the planned programme unsuitable. This control only works if conditions are declared — please tell us, including anything that has changed since you filled in the form. |
Participant Responsibilities
Before taking part, you must:
- Understand the risks involved in the activity
- Declare any medical conditions or medications
- Wear appropriate PPE and clothing
- Follow all safety instructions
- Notify staff if you feel unsafe or unwell at any point
Questions?
Please contact us or talk to your instructor if you would like more information before participating.
Email Sam@adventureworks.co.nz · Phone 09 846 2644
严重风险披露
山地自行车
参加本活动可能面临的严重风险，以及 AdventureWorks 为管理这些风险所采取的措施。
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AdventureWorks 有限公司是根据《工作健康与安全（探险活动）条例》注册的探险活动提供商。我们依法有义务向参与我们活动的人员披露任何可能面临的严重风险。
此信息在预订之前和活动开始前提供，以便您做出是否参加的知情决定。
什么是“严重风险”？
严重风险是指可能导致以下后果的风险：
- 严重伤害（如骨折、脊柱受伤、脑震荡）
- 住院治疗
- 永久性残疾
- 死亡
即使已采取所有可行的安全措施，由于活动本身的特性，仍可能发生上述情况。
山地自行车中的严重风险
| 严重风险 | 说明／我们如何管理此风险 |
|---|---|
| 失去对自行车的控制而摔车 | 高速或在技术性地形上摔车，可能造成脑震荡、骨折或脊柱损伤。路线的难度等级和类型会匹配队伍的能力和经验；一旦发现操控能力下降，立即换到更容易的路线。自行车按骑行者身材配置，座管高度不超过最大刻度线；离开起点前会进行骑行前练习——停车、起步、左右转弯、紧急制动。全程必须佩戴头盔。 |
| 骑行者能力低于路线难度 | 超出骑行者能力的路线只会带来摔车，而非学习成效。路线的难度、距离、爬升和类型会匹配队伍的年龄、体能和经验；路线详情会事先提供给参与者，以便其评估自身能力。能力以骑行前练习的实际表现为准，而非以事先申报为准；若队伍速度或能力低于预期，会改走更容易的替代路线或选择撤出路线。 |
| 与队伍中其他骑行者碰撞 | 跟车过近的骑行者在前车突然停下时会发生碰撞。骑行者之间须保持两到三个车身的间距并严格执行；队伍设有前导和收尾（tail-end Charlie），任何人不得骑在他们之前或之后；会告知骑行者急停前必须喊出提示；行进速度以队伍整体为准，而非以最快的骑行者为准。 |
| 与其他步道使用者碰撞 | 步行者、跑步者、其他骑行者和犬只共用步道，高速碰撞会造成双方受伤。共用步道、双向步道以及已知的繁忙时段都记录在地点管理计划中。队伍按标示方向骑行，在双向步道上保持左侧通行；在有其他使用者的狭窄路段会让队伍减速或分批通过；并会事先说明路线上可能遇到的其他使用者。 |
| 与车辆碰撞 | 部分路线会穿越或紧邻公共道路或工务道路，与车辆碰撞可能致命。若有替代方案，会规划可避开道路的路线。每一处过路点和道路路段及其车流情况，都记录在地点管理计划中。车流量较大时，队伍会下车推行通过道路；在任何道路路段，教练在前领骑，指定收尾人员，并让队伍保持单列行进。 |
| 路线特征物与人工构筑物 | 跌落台、跳台、坡道、桥梁和闸门是严重摔车风险最集中的地方。地点和路线的规划会匹配参与者的技术水平。带有人工特征物的路线，以及哪些特征物没有绕行选项，都在地点管理计划中标明；特征物为必经且无绕行选项的路线不予使用。教练的站位确保能同时看到助跑段和落地区，并在有人摔车时立即封锁路线。 |
| 自行车尺寸不合或设置不当 | 车架过大，或刹车握把伸手不及，都会让骑行者失去控制。我们备有多种尺寸的自行车，以便匹配每位骑行者；若没有合适尺寸，宁可选偏小而不选偏大。座管高度在骑行者坐上车后调整，且绝不超过最大刻度线；并确认两个刹车均工作正常、位于骑行者习惯的一侧且食指可及。 |
| 自行车机械故障 | 刹车、车把或其他关键部件的突然失效会导致摔车。AdventureWorks 的所有自行车都有编号标记，维修记录可追溯到具体车辆；每年进行定期保养；故障通过器材问题报告表上报。每辆车骑行前都会完成 M 型检查——刹车、刹车皮、车轮、轮胎、碗组、车把、握把与端塞、脚踏、座垫和润滑——任何无法当场修复故障的自行车，都会在再次骑行前退出使用。 |
| 骑行者脱离视线 | 在间接监护下的绕圈骑行中，摔车的骑行者可能一段时间内无人发现。绕圈路线的难度会明显低于队伍已证明的能力，且长度足够短，使脱离视线的时间保持短暂。教练的站位确保能看到绕圈中最具挑战的路段并能拦下骑行者；会设定骑行者脱离视线的最长时间，一旦超时立即前往查找；并会讲解绕圈内容——路线、停车位置、摔车时的处置，以及发现他人摔倒时应如何应对。 |
| 路面与路况 | 泥浆、树根、松散砾石、积水、结冰和松针落叶都会改变路线的实际难度。在潮湿条件下最好避开的路线及其天气触发条件，都记录在地点管理计划中；已达到天气触发条件的路线不予骑行。教练会改走在当时条件下仍可通行的路线，或直接结束骑行；并持续监测降雨、风力和路面状况，重新评估实际难度。 |
| 走散或骑行者迷路 | 离开有标记的路网或与队伍分开的骑行者，在被人察觉前可能已距队伍很远。教练在带队前会先预骑路线，或完成该路网的引导培训。队伍在有标记的路网内保持在前导与收尾人员之间；每到岔口、起点和终点都会集合点名后再继续；讲解时会向参与者展示路线图或路况告示板。 |
| 环境暴露 | 骑行者可能长时间暴露在寒冷、强风、烈日或雨水中，导致失温、中暑或脱水。活动前会查看天气预报；会告知骑行者需携带的衣物和饮水；活动中安排休息；教练会观察骑行者状况，并按需缩短或调整骑行行程。 |
| 自然灾害 | 参与者可能受到风暴、强风、雷电、洪水、倒树、落石、山体滑坡、海啸或火山活动的影响。这些危害可能造成严重伤害或死亡。教练会在活动前查看地点管理计划和危险登记册，持续监测环境状况，并执行预设的触发点。一旦达到触发点，AdventureWorks 会立即取消、延期、更换地点或调整活动，而不会拖延。应急响应计划包含自然灾害撤离安排。 |
| 偏远地区的医疗紧急情况 | 在偏远地点若发生哮喘发作、过敏反应或心脏事件等医疗状况，可能延误紧急救援。教练持有有效的急救证书，随身携带 AdventureWorks 急救包和通讯设备（在手机信号无法保证的区域会携带 PLB 或卫星通讯器），并熟悉地点管理计划中记录的进出通道和应急路线。 |
| 未申报的健康状况、过敏或用药 | 未申报的健康状况、过敏或用药，可能使原本可控的情况变得严重。AdventureWorks 会在每个项目开始前收集健康信息；若已申报严重过敏（过敏性休克），教练会避开已知诱因并掌握个人药物存放位置；若某项健康状况使原定项目不适合参加，我们会提供调整后的活动或替代活动。这项措施只有在您如实申报时才有效——请务必告知我们，包括填表之后出现的任何变化。 |
参与者责任
参加活动前，您必须：
- 理解活动中存在的风险
- 申报任何健康状况或所用药物
- 佩戴合适的个人防护装备并穿着适当衣物
- 遵守所有安全指示
- 如在任何时候感到不安全或不适，请立即告知工作人员
有疑问？
如果您想在参加之前了解更多信息，请联系我们或与您的教练交谈。
邮箱 Sam@adventureworks.co.nz · 电话 09 846 2644